Mechanical ventilation systems rely on controlled inlets and outlets to exchange air in the barn, with a goal of providing a minimum of four to eight air changes per hour (ACH) in winter and 40 to 60 ACH in summer. These mechanical ventilation systems are categorized as positive-, negative- or neutral-pressure systems, with the main differences being how fans are used to bring air into or out of the barn for ventilation purposes.

Raising healthy, high-performing calves starts with the right housing system. As calf care practices have evolved, many dairy and veal producers are now exploring how indoor housing systems can better support their operational goals.