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Home » Authors » Elliot Block
Elliot Block

Elliot Block

Research Fellow and Director / Arm & Hammer Animal and Food Production
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Articles

ARTICLES

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Feed efficiency and sustainability pivot on carbon management

Residual feed intake helps identify a measure of feed efficiency. The ration is balanced to animals in certain stages of lactation and determines how cows fed the diet should produce at a certain level.
December 13, 2022
Elliot Block

Feed efficiency is a topic that’s been kicked around nutrition circles for some time. For decades, producers and nutritionists have focused on getting more milk from each pound of feed.


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No need to drop negative DCAD levels too low

August 7, 2017
Elliot Block
Evidence shows feeding a negative dietary cation-anion difference (DCAD) diet of -8 to -12 meq per 100-gram ration dry matter for the last three weeks prior to calving can help prevent a rapid decline in blood calcium around calving and improve cow health and performance in the subsequent lactation.
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Metabolizable protein and DCAD: Account for both in transition rations

October 18, 2016
Elliot Block
Some combinations are simply meant to be. Can you imagine Abbott without Costello? Lucy without Rickie? Laverne without Shirley? Likewise, dietary anion-cation difference (DCAD) and metabolizable protein (MP) must both be considered in formulating successful dairy rations.
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The language of nutrition: Definitions of energy acronyms

May 6, 2016
Elliot Block
GE, DE, ME, NEL, NEm, NEg There are a number of key dairy nutrition terms – like gross energy, digestible energy, metabolizable energy and more
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When did lower milkfat become normal?

April 18, 2016
Elliot Block
The decrease in milkfat production on a 1,500-cow New York dairy occurred a little at a time. Point-by-point, fat production quietly slipped away – not setting off any alarms or concerns, but eroding nonetheless.
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Understand ration DCAD for improved cow health and performance

October 20, 2015
Elliot Block
Ration dietary cation-anion difference, or DCAD, and dairy cow health and performance are closely intertwined. Still, the concept of DCAD isn’t always well understood, which can lead to dairies failing to obtain the best possible results from their nutrition program.
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071715 dairy cows grazing pasture

Uncomplicating hypocalcemia nutrition solutions

July 20, 2015
Elliot Block
The cost of clinical and subclinical hypocalcemia is high – as numerous research studies and producer experiences prove. Thus, as with any disease that has no single cause, it is essential to focus on the risk factors associated with the disease and then reduce those risks to reduce disease incidence and expense.
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Q

The language of nutrition: DCAD (Dietary cation-anion difference)

March 31, 2015
Elliot Block
In layman’s terms,what does DCAD mean? DCAD stands for dietary cation-anion difference. It is a simple calculation of adding together the milliequivalents of dietary cations (sodium + potassium) and subtracting the sum of the milliequivalents of dietary anions (chloride + sulfur).
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Lower prepartum DCAD levels help boost milk production

December 11, 2014
Elliot Block
The discussion about the importance of proper prepartum dietary cation-anion difference (DCAD) levels often centers around cow health, and rightly so. It’s been repeatedly shown that lowering ration DCAD prior to calving helps stave off serious health challenges, including milk fever (clinical and subclinical), reduces incidence of displaced abomasum and retained placenta, and boosts immune function.
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Evidence to support increasing postpartum ration DCAD levels

November 6, 2014
Elliot Block
It’s well known that fresh cows need a higher dietary cation-anion difference (DCAD) and supplemental potassium to correct potassium imbalances and buffer blood acids. This helps to allow the cow to rapidly increase dry matter intake postpartum and maximize milk and milk component production.
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