It is that time of year when most need to start thinking about horn and stable fly control strategies. There are no magic bullets for controlling either of these flies, but there are strategies that can be used to reduce their impact.

Unfortunately, drought and abnormally dry conditions are ongoing and have spread across much of the region. Additionally, current forecasts call for these conditions to continue and spread into additional areas.

Determining the right bull-to-cow ratio is something all cow-calf producers must do. An appropriate bull-to-cow ratio will vary depending on stocking rate, pasture size, bull age, previous breeding experience, libido, single- versus multiple-bull pastures, bull fertility and other factors.

Expected progeny differences (EPDs) can be a great tool to use in making cattle selection decisions. However, EPDs are not the only tools that should be used in the selection process.

As the end of the year approaches, it is a good time to evaluate how things went for your operation and start making plans for next year. Good records (both financial and production) are critical to make informed decisions and develop strategic plans for the future.

Feeding hay is a common practice for many producers during the winter. When selecting hay-feeding sites, try to feed in areas with well-drained soils or in less productive areas of the pasture.

Getting cows bred and a live calf on the ground are critical factors in the success of cow-calf operations. Calving ease is important in both situations and is affected by several things including size and age of the cow, birthweight of the calf and other factors.

Using stockpiled forages (aka standing hay) can help reduce hay feeding and winter supplementation needs for cow-calf producers.

Many producers will be weaning calves in the next few months. The goal of a good weaning program is to minimize stress on calves and prepare them to perform as replacement heifers, stockers or feeders.