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Calves & Heifers
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Consistency counts when feeding pasteurized waste milk

November 11, 2010
Waste-milk pasteurizers are being utilized by a number of dairies and calf ranches across the country. They can be a good tool to help producers capture the value of a waste product for calf feed, while still working to protect the health of their herds. But successfully feeding pasteurized waste milk comes with its own set of challenges and management considerations. Delivering optimal nutrition to support the most efficient growth and development of a herd’s future replacements takes some fine-tuning.
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Colostrum: Not just for the first 24 hours

November 11, 2010
to jump to the article. Summary: APC Inc.'s Jim Quigley explained that feeding colostrum to newborn calves is valuable for the next several days after birth. He recommends supplementing milk replacer with excess colostrum in order to provide calves with functional proteins, including antibodies. Because this article was so popular, we asked Quigley a follow-up question: Q: Are you seeing an uptick in producers feeding colostrum after the first 24 hours from birth?
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New Neo-Terra (NT) regulations: Where we are six months later?

November 11, 2010
About a year ago, calf raisers were notified that neomycin/oxytetracycline (NT) regulations for calf milk replacers were going to change and manufacturers were required to cease production of feeds complying with the previous regulations six months ago. As of Oct. 2, 2010, milk replacers and supplements containing the previously-approved levels of NT had to be out of the feed distribution channel and no longer be available for purchase. In response to the proposed changes, many questions came to the surface quickly: What are the new regulations? Why is this change occurring? Most importantly, how are the new regulations going to affect my calf feeding program?
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Large-herd Vermont dairy trials new three-way intranasal respiratory vaccine

November 11, 2010
Respiratory problems are the second-most significant disease for youngstock on dairy operations, behind scours band diarrhea, according to the 2007 National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS) survey. The same study found respiratory disease is the single-largest cause of death among U.S. weaned heifers, with 46 percent of all weaned heifer deaths attributed to this cause. Richard Nelson of Nelson Farm Inc. in Vermont identifies the threat of respiratory disease as his primary concern for raising replacements. “The only thing I’m really worried about losing a calf to after they are more than 10 days old is a respiratory challenge,” Nelson says.
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Taking heifer reproduction to the next level

November 11, 2010
Measuring, benchmarking and improving reproduction is a common goal within the milking herd. While the industry has a wealth of knowledge and information related to lactating animal reproductive performance, much less exists when it comes to heifer reproduction benchmarks. Heifer reproductive performance is just as important to the dairy, since the sooner heifers can be bred and confirmed pregnant, the sooner they will join the milking herd and begin to generate revenue. Creating benchmarks and goals for your heifer program is critical to ensure replacement heifers join the milking string in a timely fashion.
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A producer’s perspective: Six keys to getting heifers bred

November 11, 2010
Heifer raiser Darin Mann of M&M Feedlot in Parma, Idaho, is focused on getting animals bred and back to the dairy producer in a timely manner. Darin provides six tips for how he effectively gets heifers bred on his ranch: 1. Sort animals upon arrival. Heifers arrive at M&M Feedlot at 400 pounds. At arrival, heifers are sorted into groups based on their weight in 50-pound increments. This allows for animals of the same size to be fed and managed the same and creates consistency across animals within one pen, says Darin.
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Heifer economics

November 11, 2010
Today’s successful dairy operation recognizes that heifers are an important investment in the future. They place high value on the heifer and regard it as a managed resource, whether raised on the farm or contract-grown. Unfortunately, on many farms, the dairy heifer is the most overlooked and undermanaged asset on the farm. The main goal for managing replacement heifers is to freshen them between 22 and 24 months of age to reduce expenditures and to increase total milk production. This can be accomplished through good nutrition and sound animal management practices.
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Top25

How much grain should our weaned calves eat?

November 11, 2010
Summary: In this article, Attica Veterinary Associates' Sam Leadley compares the nutrient needs of three sizes of heifers. He advises that for a 170-pound heifer to gain one pound a day in warm weather, she'll need to be eating between 3.5 and 4 pounds daily. Because this article was so popular, we asked Sam Leadley a follow-up question: Q: Why do you think this topic was of interest to producers in 2011? A: I believe most of us have fallen into the trap of “same old, same old” when it comes to feeding grain to weaned calves. What we were doing in the ’90s we kept doing the next decade as well. Why change? Heifers were alive, reasonably healthy. And who is checking on rates of gain? Underfeeding weaned heifers, primarily grain, is a silent thief. Letting these young heifers stand still or gain at a slow rate when their maintenance needs are low sets us up for having to pay for much more expensive gains later in life. When farm managers become aware of the potential profits that can be claimed by a small change in management they often want to know the details. How will size of heifer determine feeding rate? Will weather make a difference? These are down-to-earth questions that managers want answered by practical articles in Progressive Dairyman. —Sam Leadley, Calf Management Consultant, Attica Veterinary Associates [See the full list of the Top 25 articles of 2011. See the list from 2010.]
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New research confirms advantage of dried colostrum based colostrum replacers

October 21, 2010
New research* from the Universities of Minnesota, Guelph and Saskatchewan indicates calves fed lacteal-derived (colostrum-derived) colostrum replacer experienced significantly better rates of acceptable passive transfer (APT), and higher serum total protein (STP) and IgG measures, as compared to calves fed plasma-derived colostrum replacers. Apparent efficiency of absorption rates also were higher for the colostrum-derived replacer. In this study, 74 heifer calves were removed from their dams within 30-60 minutes of birth, and before suckling. The calves were randomly assigned to a colostrum-derived colostrum replacer (LAND O LAKES® Bovine lgG Colostrum), or a spray-dried plasma-derived colostrum product (Colostrx® 130 Colostrum Replacer). *(Be sure to view the section below to learn a little more about the study from researcher Sandra Godden.)
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Resources for managing calves this winter

October 21, 2010
As the weather turns colder, your calves and heifers need more attention and care. Here are our top 10 picks for online resources you can rely on this winter: Dairy Calf and Heifer Association The Dairy Calf and Heifer Assocation's Learning Center is a great tool for discovering more information about the DCHA Gold Standards. And if you're not yet signed up for the DCHA Tip of the Week e-newsletter, you should be. The October 12, 2010 tip focused on winter bedding.
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